| e(x) = ( x + K ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
| d(x) = ( x - K ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
| Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
| Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | Y | Z | S | M | G | K | U | V | N | J | P | I | D | O | H | X | E | Q | R |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | T | C | L | F | A | W |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | g | r | h | p | l | v | f | d | z | o | j | m | e | y | a | i | k | b | c | q |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | w | s | t | u | x | n |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | u | E | e | t | b | H | l | B | z | R | G | Z | p | c | W | y | d | M | g | O |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | n | D | r | w | v | h | T | X | V | k | Q | q | s | P | f | I | Y | N | K | i |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | J | L | x | F | j | S | A | C | U | m | a | o |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Ciphertext characters | 1 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 7 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | Z | Y | G | 5 | C | T | A | 6 | J | 7 | P | H | W | 9 | X | 3 | E | 1 | F | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | D | V | L | B | M | 0 | 8 | K | N | Q | 2 | R | 4 | S | I | O |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | 4 | y | j | v | u | 3 | t | k | d | o | l | 9 | 1 | b | m | 8 | p | 2 | i | r |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | 7 | n | 5 | z | a | 6 | e | f | s | h | c | q | w | x | g | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | r | J | a | 7 | m | 1 | B | I | Y | W | F | j | d | 5 | q | b | P | h | p | A |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | O | 9 | D | S | M | s | U | 4 | x | k | y | 8 | T | w | o | 2 | v | f | H | z |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | t | X | i | 6 | C | V | 0 | R | n | u | N | g | e | Q | G | E | K | l | L | c |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | Z | 3 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | E | Y | B | R | F | D | J | O | Z | H | W | U | I | S | C | P | X | A | K | |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | L | T | M | G | N | Q | V |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | a | f | x | v | m | p | s | g | k | y | h | o | u | r | t | e | z | j | c | |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | n | q | d | w | b | l | i |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | J | q | i | h | e | F | S | Y | G | z | c | b | V | E | r | w | g | s | o | y |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | A | l | U | m | M | a | t | H | j | d | T | Q | k | v | D | R | C | n | u | |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | O | P | X | B | x | L | Z | p | I | N | W | K | f |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| Ciphertext characters | 7 | 0 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 9 | 1 | 5 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | Y | S | A | U | J | 8 | E | 5 | 3 | F | D | L | G | O | Z | 6 | 1 | 0 | I | |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | P | 7 | K | T | N | V | M | R | 9 | H | W | B | C | Q | X | 2 | 4 |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | f | 1 | m | s | 4 | c | 9 | 5 | d | j | 2 | h | x | e | p | 7 | n | o | v | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | u | 3 | k | q | 6 | z | b | 8 | a | t | g | w | l | i | r | y |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | y | Y | I | h | X | o | a | C | 7 | T | n | m | 1 | 6 | g | S | 9 | J | i | x |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | b | z | F | W | d | L | 3 | O | V | s | q | D | 4 | u | N | f | A | v | Z | M |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | G | Q | H | B | K | k | p | r | 0 | 5 | U | R | c | 2 | e | w | l | E | P | |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | 8 | t | j |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | m | B | [ | 1 | 8 | ) | V | j | E | T | Q | ? | 4 | S | ] | " | M | # | d | I |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | H | v | ~ | ( | & | k | % | b | o | ` | q | | | f | Z | y | R | U | w | Y | |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | : | { | D | O | ^ | C | u | e | h | , | 9 | P | = | ! | * | K | l | g | J | A |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
| Ciphertext characters | ; | - | X | > | s | z | c | 2 | G | } | @ | a | 3 | + | n | N | < | t | _ | 6 |
| Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
| Ciphertext characters | 0 | r | $ | / | \ | F | 7 | x | 5 | ' | L | p | W | . | i |
| e(x) = ( A⋅x + B ) mod N | is encoding function, and | |
| d(x) = (( x - B ) / A ) mod N | is decoding function, where x ∈ |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | ||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | A |
| Plaintext characters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
| Ciphertext characters | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 0 |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t |
| Ciphertext characters | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u |
| Plaintext characters | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | ||||
| Ciphertext characters | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | A |
| Plaintext characters | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T |
| Ciphertext characters | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U |
| Plaintext characters | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n |
| Ciphertext characters | V | W | X | Y | Z | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o |
| Plaintext characters | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Ciphertext characters | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Plaintext characters | 8 | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | |
| Ciphertext characters | 9 | ! | " | # | $ | % | & | ' | ( | ) | * | + | , | - | . | / | : | ; | < | |
| Plaintext characters | < | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | |||||
| Ciphertext characters | = | > | ? | @ | [ | \ | ] | ^ | _ | ` | { | | | } | ~ | A |
| e(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1+p(k1)) mod N, (x2+p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm+p(km)) mod N) | is encoding function, and | |
| d(x1, x2, ... , xm) = ( (x1-p(k1)) mod N, (x2-p(k2)) mod N, ... , (xm-p(km)) mod N) | is decoding function, where x ∈ and | |
| p(x) is a position of a character x in the alphabet. |
| e(x) = x ⨯ K mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is encoding function, and | |
| d(x) = x ⨯ K-1 mod N (all arythmetics is done in ℤN) | is decoding function |